jailcd2016042: Landscape Design for Sustainable Waterfront CommunityStudy Case: Cikapundung River, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

The development in Indonesia, especially in Bandung City, West Java is increasing with capitalist paradigm that makes decreasing of green open space because of its conversion to building area. About 62% of Bandung City area in 2001 are building area and centralize in the heart of city. It caused environmental degradation. For instance, one of the impacts is the run-off coefficient from 35% in 1960 increase to 90% in 2004 and still counting because there is no significant action to prevent it. The river should be a solution for hydrological problem, but it can’t be because it is not well used and maintained. Cikapundung River is the main river in Bandung City that has important role in the hydrological system. Cikapundung River provides water supply for the whole of city and in several part of the river, government build public energy supply from water. Unfortunately, the river has been polluted for its physic, biologic, and chemical content. The river became shallow, narrow, polluted by heavy metal, and the color is brown. The growth of high-density population along the river is one of the important factors that caused pollution in the river. One of high-density housing that grow uncontrolled along the Cikapundung River is Taman Sari District in the heart of Bandung City. The population density reach number 244 person/hectares with bad condition of sanitation, lack of catchment area, and people throw their waste into the river directly makes the river conditions is getting worse day by day. There are many buildings instead of open space in the riverbank so the riverbank can’t do its function as filter area.  The sustainable design for this are is needed. The purpose of design project is to re-designing this strategic area so it can support city’s environment sustainable. We did analyze the site’s potentials and problems. The important challenge is to build a strong community that connected well to the river so they will protect instead of damage the river. We try to improve the quality of community so they have a proper living place but with retain their traditional urban fabric pattern. The initial landscape strategies are focusing on river revitalization, renewal energy resources, and community engagement. So we hope the river became cleaner, low carbon use within the area, and smart growth community. The implementation program is divided by phasing strategy each 5 years so it can support the success and sustain of proposed design.