jailcd2019-020: Identifying Potentials to Improve Water Supply Fulfillment in Indonesia toward Sustainable Development Goals

Abstract

Indonesian Government has adopted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through the issuance of Presidential Decree Number 59 the Year 2017 about the Implementation of Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. One of the targets is to reach a hundred per cent of drinking water access for communities in 2019.  Data shows that in 2017 the percentage of households that have access to drinking water was about 81.71%.  At the glance, this is an exhilarating fact and the target of SDGs can be effortlessly achieved.  However, only 10.37 per cent of households having access to  drinking  water  that  is  served  by  water  companies  while  another  portion  relies  their  attempts  on  individual groundwater exploitation, which is environmentally harmful. Hence, this paper reviews current practices of drinking water fulfillment in Indonesia and their consequences. Furthermore, potentials are identified in order to formulate improvement strategies that expectantly are more sustainable. The potentials that are discussed in this paper are specified in three elements. They are physical attributes, policy frameworks, and community participation. This is because those three elements are interrelated and cannot be seen partially to determine sustainability. Then, challenges and opportunities to achieve Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia, specifically in the domestic water sector, are also elaborated based on those three elements of potentials. Eventually, this paper is wrapped into a conclusion regarding current situation of domestic water service fulfillment and efforts to be done in the future due to reach Sustainable Development Goals in water sector more sustainably.