jismart2024069: A Review of Thermal Adaptation in Different Populations Exposed to High Temperatures

Abstract

As global climate change increases, there is growing concern about the impact of heat exposure on the health of populations. Different populations exhibited different heat adaptation capacities when faced with extreme heat conditions. Thermal adaptation refers to the gradual improvement of the body's heat tolerance through physiological, environmental and behavioral adjustments and other mechanisms in the face of high-temperature environments. This paper reviewed the thermal acclimatization of populations exposed to high temperatures under the influence of different factors, focusing on the differences in acclimatization to high-temperature environments among different populations. It was shown that individual differences (e.g., gender, age, BMI) significantly affect the process of heat acclimatization; environmental conditions were influenced by a variety of factors that have a greater impact on human heat acclimatization, but this differential impact diminished as individuals are exposed to the same environment over time factors. Understanding the variability of thermal acclimatization in different populations is important for the development of effective public health policies and the improvement of building energy consumption and urban design.