jismart2024074: Bionic-Based Dynamic Shading Technology: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions

Abstract

This study investigates the application of bionics in the design of dynamic building envelopes, focusing on the evolution of envelope development, as well as the advancements and challenges of bionic shading technologies. Specifically, it explores how dynamic envelopes can respond to environmental changes to optimize energy efficiency and enhance building adaptability. By reviewing various dynamic shading systems and biomimetic technologies, the research highlights how adaptive features in plants and animals—such as light-tracking in plants and temperature regulation in animal skins—can inspire the development of building envelopes with adaptive functionalities. The findings demonstrate significant potential for energy savings and improved thermal comfort through bionic design, although most studies remain at the prototype stage. Translating biological principles into practical, environmentally responsive envelopes remains a critical challenge. The study reveals that the energy efficiency of automated shading systems depends on control strategies and their integration with dimmable lighting systems. However, while these strategies can enhance energy efficiency and comfort, their complexity may reduce system effectiveness, thereby limiting the widespread adoption of bionic dynamic shading technologies in real-world applications.